On December 20th, the press conference on 2016 Urban Citizens of Yichang Health Conditions Report was held in the city proper, the report covers thirty indexes in the following six fields: basic information on population, public health service, malignant cancer, illness for malnutrition, maternity and child hygiene, behaviors in daily life, among which nine indexes have improved greatly. Expectancy life per capital reached 78.24 with their health literacy representing 17.37%.
Expectancy life per capital for male is 75.88 and for female 80.87.
The Report indicates that the expectancy life per capital in the urban area of Yichang stood at 78.24, seeing a modest growth from the same period of the last year and higher than provincial expectancy life per capital, which was 78.07.
The expectancy life per capital for male is 75.88, which is 5 years shorter than that of female. Life habits may take some responsibilities for this difference: during the childhood and adolescence, boys are more mischievous and active than girls, which may cause a higher risk of unintentional injury deaths; during the adulthood, male is more likely to suffer from chronic diseases for their bad habits like smoking and alcohol abuse than female.
What’s more, cancers exert great influence on the longevity of human being. The report shows that the top five fatal cancers are lung cancer, liver cancer, intestinal cancer, gastric cancer and esophagus cancer. The top five fatal cancers causing male deaths share the first five while the top five fatal cancers accounting for female deaths are: lung cancer, intestinal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and gastric cancer (the last two cancers have the same proportion in causing female deaths and alcohol percentage).
The smoking percentage of adults has lowered while the number of people doing exercise has risen.
In 2006, health literacy among urban citizens in Yichang stood at 17.37%, which has registered a slight growth compared the same period of the last year, higher than the national average of 11.58%.
Compared with the same period of the last year, decreases have been seen in the adults smoking and alcohol, while a growth has been registered in exercising. The smoking percentage of urban citizens is 16.22%, the percentage of alcohol presented 16.80%, and that of exercise stands at 41.18%.
Yichang’s urban citizens are also free of an increasing number of diseases amid a growing percentage of exercise. According to the Yearly Report on the Health Conditions of the Children Under Seven by municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, a total of 31224 children under five in 2006 went medical examinations, among which 184 cases suffered from growth retardation, reporting 0.59%; 319 cases lowered than standard weight and the occurrence of malnutrition reported 1.02%; 459 cases suffered from obesity, representing 1.47% of the total number. The occurrence of obesity has decreased compared with that of the same period of last year.
To ensure the safety of would-be mothers, the government has brought more than ten thousand pregnant women into the health management.
With the implementation of the policy which encourages couples to have a second child, the number of high-risk pregnant women increased. Thus the safety of the would-be mothers faces unprecedented challenges. In such a context, the problem of how to decrease the death rate of would-be mothers and new-born babies and to ensure their safeties remains to be solved.
“To ensure the health and safety of mothers and infants, we have a series of measures in reducing the death rate of the women in the family way, and we have made a systematic management and follow-up visits in the whole process of pregnancy.” Deputy president of Yichang Maternal and Child Care Service Centre, Zhao Jun, introduced that the city-wide medical institutions have made screens and assessments on pregnancy risks, carried out regulations at different levels and set up files with appointed doctors for high-risk pregnant women, especially those critical pregnant patients. According to the Yearly Report on Health Conditions of the Pregnant Women by municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, a total number of 11169 women gave birth to child or children safe and sound, with 10504 pregnant ones being included in health management, the coverage of health management reported 94.05%.
Links
Expectancy life per capita
Expectancy life per capita means the potential life span expected when the baby was born. It is the potential life span of one generation under the conditions that the death rate remains stable.(calculated by Jiang qinglang simple life table method)
Health literacy of citizens
Health literacy means one’s ability to get and understand basic health information and service in order to improve his health conditions by applying to those information and services.
There are three aspects to examine whether one is equipped with health literacy: 1. whether he knows the basic knowledge and conceptions on health; 2. whether one has a healthy lifestyle and behaviors; 3. whether one has the ability to maintain and promote the basic skills of health. These three aspects can be summarized as this formula: healthy knowledge + healthy behaviors healthy skills”
Three things to reduce and three things to keep healthy
Based on the problems shown in the report, the municipal CDC said that they were going to push forward the health policies into a further move and make sure that all public health policies can be taken into practice so as to provide the public with a health service in all sectors. Meanwhile, they would focus on the projects featured by “reducing salt, reducing oil, reducing sugar and trying to keep healthy of the citizen by an oral health, a healthy weight and strong bones ”(which can be shortened as “three things to reduce and three things to keep healthy”); trying to promote a healthy lifestyle and the public health initiatives in all sectors. They would mobilize the whole communities in a further move to take a part in the construction of healthy cells, promoting the healthy cells in government offices, enterprises, schools, communities, families and scenic spots, trying to build up a batch of healthy cells characterized with Yichang style and strengthen the infrastructures of a healthy city. (Reporters: He Guanying, Song Zhihao; correspond: Zhao Lu, Liu Huarong)